Usually this only takes a couple minutes if there is an image mod onboard. You can identify these users by the * the = and the + signs in front of the username.
Good morning
Something that I found on my very first upload. If you don't wait for the 'Success' page to load, then it aint uploaded. Don't know if this is how it is supposed to work, but that is how it works for me. This is good if suddenly you discover you've badly oops'ed the description or something. This is bad if you are waiting for the image to appear but it doesn't 'cause the process didn't finish.
Otherwise, I have waited anywhere from a few moments to a long time, depending on presence of someone as per Darryl's post.